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What is vulnerability management?
First, let's explain what a vulnerability is. A vulnerability is a weakness that can be exploited to gain unauthorized access or privileged control of a computer or operating system, application, service, endpoint, or server.
Vulnerability management is the ongoing practice of identifying, prioritizing and remediating vulnerabilities. It can also be described as a proactive and systematic response to vulnerabilities in your IT environment. Implementing vulnerability management is crucial for organizations that want to increase their security posture and minimize their attack surface.
Achieving excellent visibility into vulnerabilities across all ecosystems is challenging, something cybercriminals capitalize on. A modern vulnerability management solution will simplify the process of identifying, categorizing, prioritizing, and remediating vulnerabilities across systems and users.
Addressing threats with modern vulnerability management
A solid cyber security defense is a corporate necessity. With a proactive approach, you'll avoid both disruptive attacks, strained IT resources, a tarnished brand image, or even legal consequences. Creating a robust cyber security defense requires you to take active initiatives. Your scope should include detecting various vulnerabilities and potential risks in systems, web applications, and employees.
Proactive security measures
Vulnerability management is a proactive security measure, the act of searching for security gaps that exist before they are exploited. However, vulnerability management is more than patching and reconfiguring security settings; it necessitates a continuous approach to IT across the organization.
Vulnerability management process
1. Discovery
The discovery phase is about understanding which assets are present in the IT environment. Including physical and virtual networks, on-premises, cloud networks, or any other potential attack surface that an attacker might use.
Asset discovery is the process of mapping assets and creating a database to scan for vulnerabilities. So, once you know what vulnerabilities or types of vulnerabilities you are looking for, you can begin identifying which are present. This stage uses threat intelligence information, vulnerability data, scanners and creates an inventory for patch management.
Gather data
Keep your data up to date to avoid getting caught off guard by any potential intrusions or data leaks.
Endpoint agents
You can use an endpoint agent instead of a vulnerability scanner to scan critical infrastructure or remote workers.
Complete attack surface
Create a complete map of your attack surface, including all the critical assets that store data – from hardware to software vulnerabilities.
Vulnerability Management Process
2. Assessment
After every asset has been identified, you should decide where to put security efforts and reduce potential risks. The vulnerabilities will be ranked from highest to lowest risk in this step, depending on multiple factors. A vulnerability management platform helps to prioritize vulnerabilities based on the MITRE CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposure) score and threat intelligence.
Asset classification
It's impossible to identify and patch every single vulnerability. Instead, you must identify all priority assets that would cause severe damage to the business if they were compromised. You need to understand the cyber exposure of all assets, including vulnerabilities, misconfiguration, and other indicators.
Baseline risk profile
Create a detailed picture of the organizational structure, current software, and programs used. Understanding the configuration and technology present in your organization will make identifying weak spots and prioritizing patching easier.
